Polyubiquitin chains linked through the Lys48 residue of ubiquitin are most commonly associated with proteins targeted for proteosomal degradation. In contrast, polyubiquitin chains linked through the Lys63 residue of ubiquitin (Ub) are associated with nonproteolytic functions such as signal transduction. Lys63-linked polyUb chains connect components of NFκB signaling in a highly regulated manner, and genetic evidence indicates the involvement of Lys63-linked Ub chains in stress response and DNA repair. Research in yeast has suggested Lys63-linked Ub chains stimulate endocytosis.
Product Information
Format
Purified
Control
Lys63 polyubiquitin chains.
Presentation
Purified from ascites by protein G chromatography. Supplied at 1 mg/ml in 0.1M Tris-Glycine (pH7.4) 150 mM NaCl, 0.05% sodium azide.
Applications
Application
Anti-Ubiquitin Antibody, Lys63-Specific, clone HWA4C4 is an antibody against Ubiquitin for use in ELISA, IH, IC & WB.
Key Applications
ELISA
Western Blotting
Immunocytochemistry
Immunohistochemistry
Application Notes
Western Blot Analysis:
A 2 μg/mL dilution of this lot detected Lys-63 ubiquitin chains by Western blotting.
Additional Research Applications
Immunocytochemistry:
This antibody has been reported by an outside laboratory to be suitable for cytochemistry using HEK293T cells transiently transfected with either wild-type ubiquitin or [K63R] ubiquitin.
Immunohistochemistry:
This antibody has been reported by an outside laboratory to be suitable for histochemistry using human brain tissue (hippocampus) from an Alzheimer's patient.
ELISA:
This antibody has been reported by an outside laboratory to be suitable for ELISA.
Biological Information
Immunogen
Immunogen used was a branched peptide corresponding to the Lys63 ubiquitination site. The C-terminus of Ubiquitin 71-76 peptide (RLRGG) was attached to the K63 in the Ubiquitin 58-63 peptide (CDYNIQKEST).
Epitope
Lys63 ubiquitination site
Clone
HWA4C4
Host
Mouse
Specificity
Recognizes ubiquitin linked at Lys63. Does not recognize ubiquitin linked at Lys48 or free ubiquitin.
Isotype
IgG2a
Species Reactivity
Vertebrates
Species Reactivity Note
Human. Based on sequence homology, broad species cross-reactivity is expected.
This gene encodes ubiquitin, one of the most conserved proteins known. Ubiquitin is required for ATP-dependent, nonlysosomal intracellular protein degradation of abnormal proteins and normal proteins with a rapid turnover. Ubiquitin is covalently bound to proteins to be degraded, and presumably labels these proteins for degradation. Ubiquitin also binds to histone H2A in actively transcribed regions but does not cause histone H2A degradation, suggesting that ubiquitin is also involved in regulation of gene expression. This gene consists of three direct repeats of the ubiquitin coding sequence with no spacer sequence. Consequently, the protein is expressed as a polyubiquitin precursor with a final amino acid after the last repeat. Aberrant form of this protein has been noticed in patients with Alzheimer's and Down syndrome. [provided by RefSeq]
FUNCTION:Protein modifier which can be covalently attached to target lysines either as a monomer or as a lysine-linked polymer. Attachment to proteins as a Lys-48-linked polymer usually leads to their degradation by proteasome. Attachment to proteins as a monomer or as an alternatively linked polymer does not lead to proteasomal degradation and may be required for numerous functions, including maintenance of chromatin structure, regulation of gene expression, stress response, ribosome biogenesis and DNA repair. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. Nucleus.
PTM: Several types of polymeric chains can be formed, depending on the lysine used for the assembly. MISCELLANEOUS:Ubiquitin is synthesized as a polyubiquitin precursor with exact head to tail repeats, the number of repeats differ between species and strains. In some species there is a final amino-acid after the last repeat, here in human a Val. Some ubiquitin genes contain a single copy of ubiquitin fused to a ribosomal protein (either L40 or S27a). SIMILARITY:Belongs to the ubiquitin family.
Product Usage Statements
Quality Assurance
Western Blot Analysis:
A 2 μg/mL dilution of this lot detected Lys-63 ubiquitin chains by Western blotting.
Usage Statement
Unless otherwise stated in our catalog or other company documentation accompanying the product(s), our products are intended for research use only and are not to be used for any other purpose, which includes but is not limited to, unauthorized commercial uses, in vitro diagnostic uses, ex vivo or in vivo therapeutic uses or any type of consumption or application to humans or animals.
Storage and Shipping Information
Storage Conditions
Stable for 1 year at 2-8°C from date of receipt.
For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the vial prior to removing the cap.
Polyubiquitin chains linked through the Lys48 residue of ubiquitin are most commonly associated with proteins targeted for proteosomal degradation. In contrast, polyubiquitin chains linked through the Lys63 residue of ubiquitin (Ub) are associated with nonproteolytic functions such as signal transduction. Lys63-linked polyUb chains connect components of NFκB signaling in a highly regulated manner, and genetic evidence indicates the involvement of Lys63-linked Ub chains in stress response and DNA repair. Research in yeast has suggested Lys63-linked Ub chains stimulate endocytosis.
Product Information
Format
Purified
Control
Lys63 polyubiquitin chains.
Presentation
Purified from ascites by protein G chromatography. Supplied at 1 mg/ml in 0.1M Tris-Glycine (pH7.4) 150 mM NaCl, 0.05% sodium azide.
Applications
Application
Anti-Ubiquitin Antibody, Lys63-Specific, clone HWA4C4 is an antibody against Ubiquitin for use in ELISA, IH, IC & WB.
Key Applications
ELISA
Western Blotting
Immunocytochemistry
Immunohistochemistry
Application Notes
Western Blot Analysis:
A 2 μg/mL dilution of this lot detected Lys-63 ubiquitin chains by Western blotting.
Additional Research Applications
Immunocytochemistry:
This antibody has been reported by an outside laboratory to be suitable for cytochemistry using HEK293T cells transiently transfected with either wild-type ubiquitin or [K63R] ubiquitin.
Immunohistochemistry:
This antibody has been reported by an outside laboratory to be suitable for histochemistry using human brain tissue (hippocampus) from an Alzheimer's patient.
ELISA:
This antibody has been reported by an outside laboratory to be suitable for ELISA.
Biological Information
Immunogen
Immunogen used was a branched peptide corresponding to the Lys63 ubiquitination site. The C-terminus of Ubiquitin 71-76 peptide (RLRGG) was attached to the K63 in the Ubiquitin 58-63 peptide (CDYNIQKEST).
Epitope
Lys63 ubiquitination site
Clone
HWA4C4
Host
Mouse
Specificity
Recognizes ubiquitin linked at Lys63. Does not recognize ubiquitin linked at Lys48 or free ubiquitin.
Isotype
IgG2a
Species Reactivity
Vertebrates
Species Reactivity Note
Human. Based on sequence homology, broad species cross-reactivity is expected.
This gene encodes ubiquitin, one of the most conserved proteins known. Ubiquitin is required for ATP-dependent, nonlysosomal intracellular protein degradation of abnormal proteins and normal proteins with a rapid turnover. Ubiquitin is covalently bound to proteins to be degraded, and presumably labels these proteins for degradation. Ubiquitin also binds to histone H2A in actively transcribed regions but does not cause histone H2A degradation, suggesting that ubiquitin is also involved in regulation of gene expression. This gene consists of three direct repeats of the ubiquitin coding sequence with no spacer sequence. Consequently, the protein is expressed as a polyubiquitin precursor with a final amino acid after the last repeat. Aberrant form of this protein has been noticed in patients with Alzheimer's and Down syndrome. [provided by RefSeq]
FUNCTION:Protein modifier which can be covalently attached to target lysines either as a monomer or as a lysine-linked polymer. Attachment to proteins as a Lys-48-linked polymer usually leads to their degradation by proteasome. Attachment to proteins as a monomer or as an alternatively linked polymer does not lead to proteasomal degradation and may be required for numerous functions, including maintenance of chromatin structure, regulation of gene expression, stress response, ribosome biogenesis and DNA repair. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. Nucleus.
PTM: Several types of polymeric chains can be formed, depending on the lysine used for the assembly. MISCELLANEOUS:Ubiquitin is synthesized as a polyubiquitin precursor with exact head to tail repeats, the number of repeats differ between species and strains. In some species there is a final amino-acid after the last repeat, here in human a Val. Some ubiquitin genes contain a single copy of ubiquitin fused to a ribosomal protein (either L40 or S27a). SIMILARITY:Belongs to the ubiquitin family.
Product Usage Statements
Quality Assurance
Western Blot Analysis:
A 2 μg/mL dilution of this lot detected Lys-63 ubiquitin chains by Western blotting.
Usage Statement
Unless otherwise stated in our catalog or other company documentation accompanying the product(s), our products are intended for research use only and are not to be used for any other purpose, which includes but is not limited to, unauthorized commercial uses, in vitro diagnostic uses, ex vivo or in vivo therapeutic uses or any type of consumption or application to humans or animals.
Storage and Shipping Information
Storage Conditions
Stable for 1 year at 2-8°C from date of receipt.
For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the vial prior to removing the cap.
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