EDN1 is a powerful mitogen mediator of smooth muscle tone, and inflammatory regulator that is involved in diseases of the airways, pulmonary circulation, and inflammatory lung diseases, both acute and chronic. Endothelin-2 and Endothelin-3 vary from Endothelin-1 by two and six amino acids, respectively, and share homology, particularly at the carboxy terminus with sarafotoxins a-e. The lung has the largest levels of EDN1 secreted by endothelium, smooth muscle, airway epithelium, and a diversity of other cells. ET-1 also circulates in the plasma. Endothelin-1 along with endothelin-2, & endothelin-3 (ET-3) consist of the endothelin family of 21 amino acid peptides manufactured in a variety of cells and tissues, particularly endothelial and epithelial lineages. These endothelins are derivatives from three genes. The endothelins are normally connected with hypertension, though they regulate a diversity of other effects through two G-protein coupled receptors, ET-A and ET-B. The endothelins are derivatives from a precursor peptides using cleavage by metalloproteases for instance endothelin-converting enzymes.
EDN1 contains 21 amino acids having a molecular mass of 2491.95 Dalton. The EDN1 contains a 2 pair Disulfide bond: Cys1-Cys15 and Cys3-Cys11.
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