Thermostable dUTPase (pyrococcus fruriosus) maximizes the efficiency of high-fidelity PCR (using proofreading DNA polymerases). It removes contaminating dUTP present in PCR reactions and dNTP solutions. The presence of dUTPase in a proofreading DNA polymerase reaction can prevent dUTP misincorporation by maintaining dUTP levels below their inhibitory concentrations despite the constant generation of the molecule by the spontaneous deamination of dCTP. The incorporation of dUTP into PCR products causes mutations within the amplified product, proofreading polymerases to stall and slows down non-proofreading polymerases such as Taq. The dUTPase increase in PCR product yield, length and fidelity enables further down-stream applications. These effects make dUTPase useful in PCR fidelity and yield-sensitive applications such as cloning and subsequent recombinant protein technology, and gene expression analysis (semi-quantitative RT-PCR techniques and real-time PCR analysis), where small differences in product accumulation can have a significant impact on gene expression analysis. dUTPase is specific for dUTP and is critical for the fidelity of DNA replication and repair. dUTPase hydrolyzes dUTP to dUMP and pyrophosphate, simultaneously reducing dUTP levels and providing the dUMP for dTTP biosynthesis.
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