描述:
概述:
Thermo Scientific Dharmacon SMARTvector shRNA 慢病毒表达平台有两大功能创新:第一,可提高由DNA介导的RNA干扰的功能性和特异性;第二,可降低由于自己制备的慢病毒的滴度低而引发的毒性。应用该平台独特的SMARTvecto表达技术,研究者可将有沉默功能的序列导入几乎所有的细胞系,包括那些对常规转染有抵抗性的细胞如干细胞,原代细胞以及神经元细胞等,从而达到持久的基因沉默。
特点:
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独特的MicroRNA表达框架设计:有助于高效地处理加工shRNA
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Dharmacon SMARTvector shRNA设计软件的重大突破:
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可最大限度地筛选出沉默效应最强的序列
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基于microRNA“seed-region”区域的生物信息滤过技术,增强活性链与RISC结合偏好性,大大增强基因沉默的特异性。
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即开即用型慢病毒颗粒,操作方便,功能强大:
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广泛导向性的病毒载体系统保证了对几乎所有细胞的导入性;
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turboGFP标签可方便通过荧光观测评价转染效率;
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嘌呤霉素筛选标记使获得稳定基因沉默细胞株变得简单快捷。
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专利生产技术和工艺流程保证了高滴度、高纯度病毒颗粒的获取
工作原理图示:
1. 慢病毒载体颗粒感染细胞且将其RNA基因组导入细胞质;
2. 病毒载体基因组在细胞质进行反转录(RNA反转录为DNA);
3. 病毒载体DNA基因组转运进入宿主细胞核;
4. 病毒载体DNA基因组稳定地整合在宿主细胞基因组上;
5. 沉默组件持续表达并加工生成具有沉默功能的shRNA。
理性设计确保可靠、稳定的基因沉默
高效的microRNA表达框架——shRNA表达研究的利器
通过对大量的人类microRNA表达框架进行测试,发现其所表达加工的shRNA对靶基因沉默效率不尽相同,不同的MicroRNA表达框架呈现出截然不同的功能性。Dharmacon根据不同的microRNA表达框架的实验评估最终选择了可以高效加工shRNA的microRNA表达框架,并确保这些表达框架加工的shRNA可以高效特异性地沉默靶基因。在此过程中,Dharmacon发现:
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不是所有的microRNA表达框架都能够高效加工shRNA。
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某些microRNA表达框架也可以加工出具有活性的”passenger”链,从而降低基因沉默特异性。
Dharmacon选择兼具功能强大的成熟链活性和最小“passenger”链功能的MicroRNA表达框架来构建SMARTvector shRNA的表达载体。图5显示6个人源的microRNA表达组件的“passenger”链功能的比较分析结果,只有那些由成熟链引起的具有很高水平的沉默功能同时有最小的“passenger”链功能的microRNA组件才可以作为候选表达组件。
shRNA的理性设计策略----靶基因高效沉默的保证
到目前为止,对于由DNA介导的RNA干扰的设计主要依赖于如何将siRNA序列转化为有沉默功能的针对靶基因的shRNA。因为实验证明许多沉默功能很好的siRNA以shRNA的表达方式作用于靶基因时并不能起到很好的沉默效果,另外并不是所有的microRNA组件都能很好的导入外源序列。鉴于此,Dharmacon科学家开发出了即能提高shRNA表达,又能提高沉默效率的设计软件。图6显示了SMARTvector shRNA理性设计软件的功能表现。
Dharmacon研发出第一个shRNA设计软件,用来设计和筛选沉默功能强大,且具超强特异性的沉默组件。
该设计软件综合考虑了如下因素来挑选和设计与专利的MicroRNA表达组件相容的针对靶基因的序列:
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双链偏好性的热力学特性;
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特定局部和全长中的GC含量;
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影响后续加工的二级结构;
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点依赖性的核苷选择参数;
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“seed-region”区互补序列的过滤。
shRNA慢病毒独特的表达框架,保证了其高效导入众多细胞
Dharmacon 的SMARTvector shRNA慢病毒颗粒利用了有助于细胞导入的VSVg外壳蛋白,保证了对常规难转染细胞的高导入性,例如干细胞,未分化细胞,原代细胞以及神经元细胞等。Turbo GFP绿色荧光蛋白的表达有助于在荧光显微镜下监测感染效率。图7显示了Turbo GFP绿色荧光蛋白在4个不同的细胞系里感染72小时后的表达情况。
不用抗性筛选即可持久沉默靶基因
如图8所示:在嘌呤霉素选择压力下,用 SMARTvector GAPD阳性对照转染SH-SY5Y细胞,图8显示了GAPD基因敲除后的荧光显微镜成像结果。
运用嘌呤霉素筛选可获得长期稳定沉默的细胞株
Dharmacon SMARTvector shRNA慢病毒颗粒感染后的细胞可通过嘌呤霉素抗性筛选获得持久稳定的靶基因沉默细胞系(或者单个的细胞克隆)。图9显示用Dharmacon SMARTvector shRNA慢病毒颗粒感染后得到的稳定基因沉默。
SMARTvector shRNA----即开即用型的成熟病毒颗粒
研究者在实验室自己构建并生产用于RNAi实验的慢病毒颗粒需要花费很大的成本,包括时间、劳动力和金钱。Dharmacon的SMARTvector shRNA产品提供给客户为高质量、高滴度包装好的即开即用型的病毒颗粒。省却客户自己在构建shRNA病毒颗粒过程中需要设计功能性shRNA序列、克隆到特定的表达框架和生产足够高质量的病毒颗粒等诸多麻烦。Dharmacon通过与其战略伙伴Lentigen公司合作,提供的SMARTvector shRNA干扰产品最终为经过纯化浓缩过的滴度大于108 TU/mL的成熟病毒颗粒。
高质量、高滴度的病毒颗粒极大地减少了细胞毒性,也极大地降低了脱靶效应。
原厂资料:
Thermo Scientific SMARTchoice shRNA offers maximum flexibility for vector-based RNAi experiments. Silence gene expression using the first microRNA-based rational shRNA design algorithm for the selection of potent and specific targeting sequences. Choose from seven promoters (human and mouse CMV, human and mouse EF1 alpha, CAG, PGK, and UBC) and two fluorescent reporters (TurboGFP and TurboRFP) to tailor SMARTvector 2.0 constructs for your specific cells of interest. Three silencing constructs are pre-designed for every gene in human, mouse and rat.
Highlights
Thermo Scientific SMARTchoice Lentiviral shRNA
• Target any gene in human, mouse and rat, and tailor experiments to specific cells with multiple promoter options
• Designed using miRNA scaffold-specific attributes for highly efficient processing via the endogenous RNAi pathway
• Delivered as concentrated lentiviral particles (1 x 108 TU/mL, ± 20%, functional titers determined by flow cytometric analysis of GFP-positive, transduced HEK293T cells)
• Suitable for dividing and non-dividing cell types, including difficult-to-transfect cells such as primary, neuronal and stem cells
Together, these attributes greatly enhance the functionality and specificity of lentiviral-mediated RNAi and reduce the toxicity associated with low titer preparations (supernatant).
Superior Dharmacon Design Algorithm
• Utilization of a highly processed, proprietary miRNA scaffold
• Rationally-designed, highly functional gene targeting sequences (see Figure 3 in Supporting Data)
• Incorporation of bioinformatics strategies to reduce off-target gene knockdown events
Product Formats
At Thermo Fisher Scientific, we are committed to delivering high quality lentiviral particle preparations. As such, we clone, package and concentrate each construct with strict QC controls. Due to the inherent complexity of viral particle production and the quality control procedures, turn-around time is estimated to be 4 to 6 weeks. We offer the following formats:
Set of 3 different gene-targeting constructs
• Ideal for evaluating multiple shRNAs targeting the same gene
• 100 µL (4 x 25 µL) or 200 µL (8 x 25 µL) total amounts at 1 x 108 TU/mL, ± 20%, functional titers determined by flow cytometric analysis of GFP-positive, transduced HEK293T cells
Individual gene-targeting constructs
• Ideal for ordering one or two constructs that you have identified as being the best performers
• 100 µL (4 x 25 µL) or 200 µL (8 x 25 µL) total amounts at 1 x 108 TU/mL, ± 20%, functional titers determined by flow cytometric analysis of GFP-positive, transduced HEK293T cells
SMARTchoice Lentiviral Positive and Negative Controls for shRNA and microRNA experiments
• Ideal for optimizing transduction and assay conditions prior to gene-specific experimentation
• Negative control particles allow for distinguishing sequence-specific silencing from non-specific effects
• Positive control particles allow for confirmation of gene silencing using confirmed shRNA constructs targeting a housekeeping gene
• 50 µL (2 x 25 µL) at 1 x 108 TU/mL, ± 20%, functional titers determined by flow cytometric analysis of GFP-positive, transduced HEK293T cells