描述：
Activin proteins are involved in a wide range of biological processes including mesoderm
induction, neural cell differentiation, bone remodeling, hematopoiesis, the regulation of
reproductive physiology, inflammation, and carcinogenesis.They function through heteromeric
complexes of type I and type II serine/threonine kinase receptors.Dimeric ligands bind to a type
II receptor, such as Activin Receptor IIA (ActRIIA), which then associates with a type I receptor
to initiate signal transduction. ActRIIA mediates the pleiotropic effects of Activins and Inhibins
as well as several members of the BMP and GDF families of TGF-β like proteins. Mature human
ActRIIA is a 70 kDa glycoprotein that consists of a 116 amino acid (aa) extracellular domain
(ECD), a 26 aa transmembrane segment, and a 352 aa cytoplasmic region that includes the
kinase domain and a PDZbinding motif. Within the ECD, human ActRIIA shares 98% aa
sequence identity with mouse and rat ActRIIA. Signaling through ActRIIA is modulated by its
interaction with RGMB/DRAGON, Cripto, Endoglin/CD105, TGF-β RIII/Betaglycan, or BAMBI.
These interactions can enhance ligandinduced signaling or interfere with signaling by
preventing ActRIIA association with type I receptors. Activin-induced responses can also be
limited by the enhanced internalization of ActRIIA following its association with the cytoplasmic
proteins ARIP1 and ARIP2.
原厂资料：
Activin proteins are involved in a wide range of biological processes including mesoderm
induction, neural cell differentiation, bone remodeling, hematopoiesis, the regulation of
reproductive physiology, inflammation, and carcinogenesis.They function through heteromeric
complexes of type I and type II serine/threonine kinase receptors.Dimeric ligands bind to a type
II receptor, such as Activin Receptor IIA (ActRIIA), which then associates with a type I receptor
to initiate signal transduction. ActRIIA mediates the pleiotropic effects of Activins and Inhibins
as well as several members of the BMP and GDF families of TGF-β like proteins. Mature human
ActRIIA is a 70 kDa glycoprotein that consists of a 116 amino acid (aa) extracellular domain
(ECD), a 26 aa transmembrane segment, and a 352 aa cytoplasmic region that includes the
kinase domain and a PDZbinding motif. Within the ECD, human ActRIIA shares 98% aa
sequence identity with mouse and rat ActRIIA. Signaling through ActRIIA is modulated by its
interaction with RGMB/DRAGON, Cripto, Endoglin/CD105, TGF-β RIII/Betaglycan, or BAMBI.
These interactions can enhance ligandinduced signaling or interfere with signaling by
preventing ActRIIA association with type I receptors. Activin-induced responses can also be
limited by the enhanced internalization of ActRIIA following its association with the cytoplasmic
proteins ARIP1 and ARIP2.
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