描述:
CCL2, also called monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) or JE, is a member of the C-C or
β chemokine family that is best known as a chemotactic agent for mononuclear cells. Human
CCL2 cDNA encodes a 99 amino acid (aa) precursor protein with a 23 aa signal peptide and
a 76 aa mature protein. Removal of the first 5 aa of the mature protein, including the
Nterminal pyrrolidone carboxylic acidmodified glutamine, occurs naturally by
metalloproteinase cleavage and downregulates activity but not receptor binding. CCL2 may
form multiple bands from 8.7-13.5 kDa on SDSPAGE due to noncovalent dimerization and
variable carbohydrate content. Mature human CCL2 shares 78-79% aa identity with canine,
porcine and equine CCL2, while mouse and rat express a form of CCL2 that is extended by 49
aa and shares only 56% aa identity within the common region. Human CCL2 can, however,
induce a response in murine cells. Fibroblasts, glioma cells, smooth muscle cells, endothelial
cells, lymphocytes and mononuclear phagocytes can produce CCL2 either constitutively or
upon mitogenic stimulation, but monocytes and macrophages appear to be the major source.
In addition to its chemotactic activity, CCL2 induces enzyme and cytokine release by
monocytes, NK cells and lymphocytes, and histamine release by basophils that express its
receptor, CCR2. Additionally, it promotes Th2 polarization in CD4+ T cells. CCL2mediated
recruitment of monocytes to sites of inflammation is proposed to play a role in the pathology
of atherosclerosis, multiple sclerosis and allergic asthma.
原厂资料:
CCL2, also called monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) or JE, is a member of the C-C or
β chemokine family that is best known as a chemotactic agent for mononuclear cells. Human
CCL2 cDNA encodes a 99 amino acid (aa) precursor protein with a 23 aa signal peptide and
a 76 aa mature protein. Removal of the first 5 aa of the mature protein, including the
Nterminal pyrrolidone carboxylic acidmodified glutamine, occurs naturally by
metalloproteinase cleavage and downregulates activity but not receptor binding. CCL2 may
form multiple bands from 8.7-13.5 kDa on SDSPAGE due to noncovalent dimerization and
variable carbohydrate content. Mature human CCL2 shares 78-79% aa identity with canine,
porcine and equine CCL2, while mouse and rat express a form of CCL2 that is extended by 49
aa and shares only 56% aa identity within the common region. Human CCL2 can, however,
induce a response in murine cells. Fibroblasts, glioma cells, smooth muscle cells, endothelial
cells, lymphocytes and mononuclear phagocytes can produce CCL2 either constitutively or
upon mitogenic stimulation, but monocytes and macrophages appear to be the major source.
In addition to its chemotactic activity, CCL2 induces enzyme and cytokine release by
monocytes, NK cells and lymphocytes, and histamine release by basophils that express its
receptor, CCR2. Additionally, it promotes Th2 polarization in CD4+ T cells. CCL2mediated
recruitment of monocytes to sites of inflammation is proposed to play a role in the pathology
of atherosclerosis, multiple sclerosis and allergic asthma.