ER Stress Antibody Sampler Kit

• 产品编号：CST-9956S      品牌：Cell Signaling Technology       原厂货号：9956S
• 产品分类：抗体 > 一抗 > 复合抗体试剂盒
• 应用分类：

其它组分：

描述：

ER Stress Antibody Sampler Kit试剂盒中的每个抗体均识别其对应的蛋白质。该单克隆抗体用与人PERK中Leu156位点周围、人BiP中Gly584位点周围、人IRE1α中His963位点周围氨基酸序列对应的，或对应于人PDI和CHOP序列的人工合成肽段免疫动物而制成。该多克隆抗体用与人类calnexin蛋白Ala51位点，人Ero1-Lα蛋白Leu218位点附近的氨基酸序列和鼠MBTPS2序列对应的人工合成肽段免疫动物而制成。该抗体使用蛋白A和蛋白亲和层析纯化而得。ER Stress Sampler Kit包含了研究细胞内内质网应激的试剂。该工具包包含足够每个一抗完成四次Western blots的一抗和二抗。分泌型和跨膜型蛋白在多核糖体上合成，然后转移到内质网中进行常见的二硫键形成、氨基糖基化和折叠。内质网包含很多分子伴侣，包括calnexin、BiP和蛋白质二硫键异构酶 (PDI)。Calenxin是内质网膜上的钙结合蛋白，可以将新合成的糖蛋白保留在内质网内，确保其正确折叠和进行质量控制（1,2）。内质网中不规则的蛋白折叠会增加BiP的形成，BiP结合到错误折叠的蛋白质上，防止其形成聚集物，并帮助其重新正确折叠（3）。PDI催化蛋白质天然活性形成所需的二硫键形成和异构化（4）。研究发现常驻内质网蛋白质内质氧化还原蛋白-1（Ero1）在酿酒酵母内质网中提供了氧化电位（5）。Ero1-Lα是一个内质网膜结合的N-糖蛋白，可以促进氧化性蛋白质折叠（6）。内质网稳态紊乱可导致未折叠蛋白质堆积。内质网发展出了称为未折叠蛋白反应（UPR）的适应机制，以此来对付未完成的蛋白折叠（7）。这一过程由膜结合转录因子蛋白酶位点2（MBTPS2）和丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶IRE1等蛋白调节（8-12）。PERK eIF2α激酶是驻内质网跨膜蛋白，可以将翻译抑制与内质网应激信号偶联。内质网应激增加PERK活性，可以磷酸化eIF2α以减少蛋白翻译。内质网应激时PERK的激活与其胞质域内自身磷酸化情况相关（13,14）。PERK在Thr980的磷酸化可以作为其激活状态的标志。在内质网应激时，CHOP表达的水平升高，介导程序性细胞死亡（15）。

原厂资料：

Specificity / Sensitivity

Each antibody in the ER Stress Antibody Sampler Kit detects endogenous levels of its target protein.

Source / Purification

Monoclonal antibody is produced by immunizing animals with a synthetic peptide corresponding to residues surrounding Leu156 of human PERK protein, the sequence around Gly584 of human BiP, the sequence around His963 of human IRE1α, the sequence of human PDI and the sequence of human CHOP. Polyclonal antibodies are produced by immunizing animals with a synthetic peptide corresponding to a sequence around Ala51 of human calnexin, the sequence around Leu218 of human Ero1-Lα, and the sequence of mouse MBTPS2. Antibodies are purified by protein A and peptide affinity chromatography.

Description

The ER Stress Sampler Kit contains reagents to investigate ER stress within the cell. The kit contains enough primary and secondary antibodies to perform four Western blot experiments per primary antibody.

Background

Secretory and transmembrane proteins are synthesized on polysomes and translocate into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) where they are often modified by the formation of disulfide bonds, amino-linked glycosylation and folding. The ER contains a pool of molecular chaperone proteins including calnexin, BiP and protein disulfide isomerase (PDI). Calnexin is an ER membrane, calcium-binding protein that retains newly synthesized glycoproteins inside the ER to ensure proper folding and quality control (1,2). Irregular protein folding within the ER increases BiP synthesis, which binds misfolded proteins to prevent them from forming aggregates and to assist them to refold properly (3). 
 PDI catalyzes the formation and isomerization of disulfide bonds required for a protein to reach its native state (4). Studies have found that the resident ER protein endoplasmic oxidoreductin-1 (Ero1) provides oxidizing potential to the ER in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (5). Ero1-Lα is an ER membrane-associated N-glycoprotein that promotes oxidative protein folding (6). Disruptions of ER homeostasis leads to the accumulation of unfolded proteins. The ER has developed an adaptive mechanism called the unfolded protein response (UPR) to counteract compromised protein folding (7). This is regulated by proteins such as the membrane-bound transcription factor protease site 2 (MBTPS2) and the serine/threonine kinase IRE1 (8-12). The PERK eIF2α kinase is an ER resident transmembrane protein that couples ER stress signals to translation inhibition. ER stress increases PERK activity, which phosphorylates eIF2α to reduce protein translation. PERK activation during ER stress correlates with autophosphorylation of its cytoplasmic kinase domain (13,14). Phosphorylation of PERK at Thr980 can serve as a marker for its activation status. 
 During ER stress, the level of CHOP expression is elevated and CHOP functions to mediate programmed cell death (15).

注意事项：

For Research Use Only. Not For Use In Diagnostic Procedures.

Storage: Supplied in 10 mM sodium HEPES (pH 7.5), 150 mM
NaCl, 100 µg/ml BSA and 50% glycerol. Store at –20°C. Do not
aliquot the antibodies.