Phospho-FoxO4 (Ser193) Antibody

• 产品编号：CST-9471S      品牌：CST       原厂货号：9471S
• 产品分类：抗体 > 一抗 > 磷酸化抗体
• 应用分类：

描述：

Phospho-Fox04 (Ser193) Antibody可以检测在Ser193位发生磷酸化的内源性Fox04蛋白。此抗体可以在82kDa处检测到磷酸化的Fox01.多克隆抗体是采用合成的与人源Fox01蛋白Ser256周围序列相对应的磷酸肽段免疫动物生产的。抗体由protein A和肽亲和层析法纯化。Forkhead转录因子家族参与横纹肌肉瘤和急性白血病的发生（1-3）。在这个家族中，三个成员（FoxO1，FoxO4和FoxO3a）与线虫的同源基因DAF-16具有序列相似度，而DAF-16介导包括IGFR1，PI3K和Akt在内的信号通路（4-6）。活化的forkhead成员作为肿瘤抑制因子，促进细胞周期阻滞和凋亡。FOXO家族任何成员的表达上调都会激活细胞周期抑制剂p27 Kip1。Forkhead转录因子也参与TGF-β介导的p21 CIP1上调，而这个上调过程可以被PI3K负调控（7）。forkhead转录因子被Akt在Thr24，Ser256以及Ser319磷酸化后而失活，导致出核转运与转录因子活性的抑制（8），最终导致增殖上调。Forkhead转录因子活性也可以被去乙酰化酶sirtuin(SirT1)抑制（9）。

1. Anderson, M.J. et al. (1998) Genomics 47, 187-99.
2. Galili, N. et al. (1993) Nat Genet 5, 230-5.
3. Borkhardt, A. et al. (1997) Oncogene 14, 195-202.
4. Nakae, J. et al. (1999) J Biol Chem 274, 15982-5.
5. Rena, G. et al. (1999) J Biol Chem 274, 17179-83.
6. Guo, S. et al. (1999) J Biol Chem 274, 17184-92.
7. Seoane, J. et al. (2004) Cell 117, 211-23.
8. Arden, K.C. (2004) Mol Cell 14, 416-8.
9. Yang, Y. et al. (2005) EMBO J 24, 1021-32.

原厂资料：

Specificity / Sensitivity

Phospho-Fox04 (Ser193) Antibody detects endogenous levels of Fox04 only when phosphorylated at serine 193. The antibody may detect phospho-Fox01 at 82 kDa.

Source / Purification

Polyclonal antibodies are produced by immunizing animals with a synthetic phosphopeptide corresponding to residues surrounding Ser256 of human Fox01. Antibodies are purified by protein A and peptide affinity chromatography.

Background

The Forkhead family of transcription factors is involved in tumorigenesis of rhabdomyosarcoma and acute leukemias (1-3). Within the family, three members (FoxO1, FoxO4, and FoxO3a) have sequence similarity to the nematode orthologue DAF-16, which mediates signaling via a pathway involving IGFR1, PI3K, and Akt (4-6). Active forkhead members act as tumor suppressors by promoting cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Increased expression of any FoxO member results in the activation of the cell cycle inhibitor p27 Kip1. Forkhead transcription factors also play a part in TGF-β-mediated upregulation of p21 Cip1, a process negatively regulated through PI3K (7). Increased proliferation results when forkhead transcription factors are inactivated through phosphorylation by Akt at Thr24, Ser256, and Ser319, which results in nuclear export and inhibition of transcription factor activity (8). Forkhead transcription factors can also be inhibited by the deacetylase sirtuin (SirT1) (9).

1. Anderson, M.J. et al. (1998) Genomics 47, 187-99.
2. Galili, N. et al. (1993) Nat Genet 5, 230-5.
3. Borkhardt, A. et al. (1997) Oncogene 14, 195-202.
4. Nakae, J. et al. (1999) J Biol Chem 274, 15982-5.
5. Rena, G. et al. (1999) J Biol Chem 274, 17179-83.
6. Guo, S. et al. (1999) J Biol Chem 274, 17184-92.
7. Seoane, J. et al. (2004) Cell 117, 211-23.
8. Arden, K.C. (2004) Mol Cell 14, 416-8.
9. Yang, Y. et al. (2005) EMBO J 24, 1021-32.

注意事项：

Storage: Supplied in 10 mM sodium HEPES (pH 7.5),
150 mM NaCl, 100 µg/ml BSA and 50% glycerol. Store at
–20°C. Do not aliquot the antibody