RARγ1 (D3A4) XP? Rabbit mAb

• 产品编号：CST-8965S      品牌：CST       原厂货号：8965S
• 产品分类：抗体 > 一抗 > 蛋白特异性一抗
• 应用分类：

描述：

RARγ1 (D3A4) XP® Rabbit mAb能够识别内源性水平的总RARγ1蛋白。基于序列比对，预测该抗体与RARγ2会发生交叉反应。该抗体不与RARα或RARβ中的任何一个发生交叉反应.该单克隆抗体通过用合成肽免疫动物制备，该合成肽是人RARγ1蛋白靠近氨基末端的残基。.维甲酸（RA）核受体（RARs）包括三个亚型，这三个亚型分别由α (NR1B1), β (NR1B2), 和γ (NR1B3)编码.每种亚型至少有两种形式，通过差动启动子使用和选择性剪接产生，不同之处仅在于它们的N-端区域。维甲酸是维生素A的代谢产物，作为维甲酸受体的配体（1）。维甲酸受体以配体依赖的转录调节起作用，发现其与维甲酸X受体（RXRs）形成异源二聚体。这些转录活性二聚体调节参与细胞分化、增殖、细胞凋亡的基因表达（2,3）。因此，维甲酸受体在各种生物过程，包括发育、生殖、免疫、器官生成中发挥关键作用（4-6）。由于RAR功能改变和动态平衡破坏、RAR突变、融合蛋白、表达水平的改变或翻译后修饰异常会导致多种疾病。与广泛表达的RARα亚型相反，RARγ显示一个复杂的组织特异性表达模式（7）。造血系统RARγ表现显着水平，最近的一项研究确定了RARγ在造血干细胞维护中的作用（8）。RARγ是人类和小鼠表皮的主要亚型，占这种组织中RARs的90％（9-11）。由于RARγ在皮肤中的表达水平高，曾有人建议，该核受体参与转录程序，管理正常表皮和皮肤附属组织的维护和分化。RARγ转录活性的严格控制，某种程度上通过维甲酸诱导的磷酸化和蛋白酶体降解（12）。

1. Rochette-Egly, C. and Germain, P. (2009) Nucl Recept Signal 7, e005.
2. Delacroix, L. et al. (2010) Mol Cell Biol 30, 231-44.
3. Eifert, C. et al. (2006) Mol Reprod Dev 73, 796-824.
4. Mark, M. et al. (2006) Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 46, 451-80.
5. Niederreither, K. and Dollé, P. (2008) Nat Rev Genet 9, 541-53.
6. Mark, M. et al. (2009) Nucl Recept Signal 7, e002.
7. Dollé, P. (2009) Nucl Recept Signal 7, e006.
8. Purton, L.E. et al. (2006) J Exp Med 203, 1283-93.
9. Fisher, G.J. et al. (1994) J Biol Chem 269, 20629-35.
10. Zelent, A. et al. (1989) Nature 339, 714-7.
11. Elder, J.T. et al. (1991) J Invest Dermatol 96, 425-33.
12. Giannì, M. et al. (2002) EMBO J 21, 3760-9.

原厂资料：

Homology

Species predicted to react based on 100% sequence homology: Rat, Hamster, Bovine, Dog

Specificity / Sensitivity

RARγ1 (D3A4) XP® Rabbit mAb recognizes endogenous levels of total RARγ1 protein. Based upon sequence alignment, this antibody is not predicted to cross-react with RARγ2. This antibody does not cross-react with either RARα or RARβ.

Source / Purification

Monoclonal antibody is produced by immunizing animals with a synthetic peptide corresponding to residues near the amino terminus of human RARγ1 protein.

Background

Nuclear retinoic acid (RA) receptors (RARs) consist of three subtypes encoded by separate genes: α (NR1B1), β (NR1B2), and γ (NR1B3). For each subtype, there are at least two isoforms, which are generated by differential promoter usage and alternative splicing and differ only in their N-terminal regions. Retinoids, which are metabolites of vitamin A, serve as ligands for RARs (1). RARs function as ligand-dependent transcriptional regulators and are found to be heterodimerized with retinoid X receptors (RXRs). These transcriptionally active dimers regulate the expression of genes involved in cellular differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis (2,3). Consequently, RARs play critical roles in a variety of biological processes, including development, reproduction, immunity, and organogenesis (4-6). RAR mutations, fusion proteins, altered expression levels, or aberrant post-translational modifications result in multiple diseases due to altered RAR function and disruption of homeostasis. 
 
 In contrast to the ubiquitously expressed RARα subtype, RARγ displays a complex tissue-specific expression pattern (7). The hematopoietic system expresses significant levels of RARγ, and a recent study identified a role for RARγ in hematopoietic stem cell maintenance (8). RARγ is the predominant subtype in human and mouse epidermis, representing 90% of the RARs in this tissue (9-11). Given the high level of RARγ expression in the skin, it has been suggested that this nuclear receptor participates in a transcriptional program that governs maintenance and differentiation of normal epidermis and skin appendages. The transcriptional activity of RARγ is under stringent control, in part, through retinoic acid-induced phosphorylation and proteasomal degradation (12).

1. Rochette-Egly, C. and Germain, P. (2009) Nucl Recept Signal 7, e005.
2. Delacroix, L. et al. (2010) Mol Cell Biol 30, 231-44.
3. Eifert, C. et al. (2006) Mol Reprod Dev 73, 796-824.
4. Mark, M. et al. (2006) Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 46, 451-80.
5. Niederreither, K. and Dollé, P. (2008) Nat Rev Genet 9, 541-53.
6. Mark, M. et al. (2009) Nucl Recept Signal 7, e002.
7. Dollé, P. (2009) Nucl Recept Signal 7, e006.
8. Purton, L.E. et al. (2006) J Exp Med 203, 1283-93.
9. Fisher, G.J. et al. (1994) J Biol Chem 269, 20629-35.
10. Zelent, A. et al. (1989) Nature 339, 714-7.
11. Elder, J.T. et al. (1991) J Invest Dermatol 96, 425-33.
12. Giannì, M. et al. (2002) EMBO J 21, 3760-9.

注意事项：

Storage: Supplied in 10 mM sodium HEPES (pH 7.5), 150
mM NaCl, 100 µg/ml BSA, 50% glycerol and less than 0.02%
sodium azide. Store at –20°C. Do not aliquot the antibody