Acetyl-Histone H3 (Lys27) (D5E4) XP? Rabbit mAb

• 产品编号：CST-8173P      品牌：Cell Signaling Technology       原厂货号：8173P
• 产品分类：抗体 > 一抗 > 蛋白特异性一抗
• 应用分类：

描述：

Acetyl-Histone H3 (Lys27) (D5E4) XP® Rabbit mAb兔单抗能够检测仅在Lys27位点乙酰化的内源性histone H3蛋白。该抗体不能与在lysines 14、18 和56位点乙酰化的histone H3发生交叉反应。通过人工合成仅在Lys27位点乙酰化的人源histone H3蛋白氨基端相应的多肽片段去免疫动物从而制备出此单克隆抗体。核小体是由四种中心组蛋白(H2A、H2B、H3和H4)组成，它是染色质的主要构件模块。起初被认为是一个DNA包装的静态支架，目前组蛋白已经被认为是一个动态蛋白，其经历多种形式的翻译后修饰，包括乙酰化作用、磷酸化作用、甲基化作用和泛素化作用(1,2)。组蛋白乙酰化作用主要发生在histones H2A (Lys5)、H2B (Lys5, 12, 15, and 20)、H3 (Lys9, 14, 18, 23, 27, and 56)和H4 (Lys5, 8, 12, and 16)的氨基端尾部结构域，并且对于组蛋白沉积、转录激活、DNA复制、重组和DNA修复有着重要作用(1-3)。组蛋白尾部的高度乙酰化中和了这些区域的正电荷，并且被认为弱化了组蛋白-DNA和核小体-核小体的相互作用，因此使核染色质不稳定以及增加了DNA与不同的DNA结合蛋白的接近程度(4,5)。此外，特定的赖氨酸残基乙酰化产生了停留点，这些位置有助于招募包含一个bromodomain蛋白，该区域能结合到乙酰化的赖氨酸残基(6)。许多转录和染色质调节蛋白包含bromodomains，并且可能被招募到基因启动子，在某种程度上通过乙酰化的组蛋白尾部结合。组蛋白乙酰化通过组蛋白乙酰化转移酶(HATs)介导，例如CBP/p300、GCN5L2、PCAF和Tip60，这些通过DNA结合蛋白因子招募到基因上从而有助于转录激活(3)。去乙酰化作用通过组蛋白去乙酰转移酶(HDAC和Sirtuin蛋白)介导，这将逆转乙酰化的影响，并且有助于转录抑制(7,8)。

1. Peterson, C.L. and Laniel, M.A. (2004) Curr Biol 14, R546-51.
2. Jaskelioff, M. and Peterson, C.L. (2003) Nat Cell Biol 5, 395-9.
3. Roth, S.Y. et al. (2001) Annu Rev Biochem 70, 81-120.
4. Workman, J.L. and Kingston, R.E. (1998) Annu Rev Biochem 67, 545-79.
5. Hansen, J.C. et al. (1998) Biochemistry 37, 17637-41.
6. Yang, X.J. (2004) Bioessays 26, 1076-87.
7. Haberland, M. et al. (2009) Nat Rev Genet 10, 32-42.
8. Haigis, M.C. and Sinclair, D.A. (2010) Annu Rev Pathol 5, 253-95.

原厂资料：

Homology

Species predicted to react based on 100% sequence homology: Hamster, Xenopus, Zebrafish, Guinea Pig, Horse

Specificity / Sensitivity

Acetyl-Histone H3 (Lys27) (D5E4) XP® Rabbit mAb recognizes endogenous levels of histone H3 protein only when acetylated at Lys27. This antibody does not cross react with histone H3 acetylated at Lys9, 14, 18, 23, or 56.

Source / Purification

Monoclonal antibody is produced by immunizing animals with a synthetic peptide corresponding to residues surrounding acetylated Lys27 of human histone H3 protein.

Background

The nucleosome, made up of four core histone proteins (H2A, H2B, H3, and H4), is the primary building block of chromatin. Originally thought to function as a static scaffold for DNA packaging, histones have now been shown to be dynamic proteins, undergoing multiple types of post-translational modifications, including acetylation, phosphorylation, methylation, and ubiquitination (1,2). Histone acetylation occurs mainly on the amino-terminal tail domains of histones H2A (Lys5), H2B (Lys5, 12, 15, and 20), H3 (Lys9, 14, 18, 23, 27, and 56), and H4 (Lys5, 8, 12, and 16) and is important for the regulation of histone deposition, transcriptional activation, DNA replication, recombination, and DNA repair (1-3). Hyper-acetylation of the histone tails neutralizes the positive charge of these domains and is believed to weaken histone-DNA and nucleosome-nucleosome interactions, thereby destabilizing chromatin structure and increasing the accessibility of DNA to various DNA-binding proteins (4,5). In addition, acetylation of specific lysine residues creates docking sites for a protein module called the bromodomain, which binds to acetylated lysine residues (6). Many transcription and chromatin regulatory proteins contain bromodomains and may be recruited to gene promoters, in part, through binding of acetylated histone tails. Histone acetylation is mediated by histone acetyltransferases (HATs), such as CBP/p300, GCN5L2, PCAF, and Tip60, which are recruited to genes by DNA-bound protein factors to facilitate transcriptional activation (3). Deacetylation, which is mediated by histone deacetylases (HDAC and sirtuin proteins), reverses the effects of acetylation and generally facilitates transcriptional repression (7,8).

1. Peterson, C.L. and Laniel, M.A. (2004) Curr Biol 14, R546-51.
2. Jaskelioff, M. and Peterson, C.L. (2003) Nat Cell Biol 5, 395-9.
3. Roth, S.Y. et al. (2001) Annu Rev Biochem 70, 81-120.
4. Workman, J.L. and Kingston, R.E. (1998) Annu Rev Biochem 67, 545-79.
5. Hansen, J.C. et al. (1998) Biochemistry 37, 17637-41.
6. Yang, X.J. (2004) Bioessays 26, 1076-87.
7. Haberland, M. et al. (2009) Nat Rev Genet 10, 32-42.
8. Haigis, M.C. and Sinclair, D.A. (2010) Annu Rev Pathol 5, 253-95.

注意事项：

Storage: Supplied in 10 mM sodium HEPES (pH 7.5), 150
mM NaCl, 100 µg/ml BSA, 50% glycerol and less than 0.02%
sodium azide. Store at –20°C. Do not aliquot the antibody.