SignalSlide? Phospho-p44/42 MAPK (Thr202/Tyr204) IHC Controls

• 产品编号：CST-8103S      品牌：CST       原厂货号：8103S
• 产品分类：生化和细胞分析 > 其它细胞分析试剂盒 > IHC 和 ICC 试剂盒
• 应用分类：

描述：

每个对照玻片包括福尔马林固定的、石蜡包埋的NIH/3T3细胞，细胞经过U0126 (1,4-diamino-2,3-dicyano-1,4-bis[2-aminophenylthio]butadiene) #9903或者TPA (12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-Acetate) #4174处理。这些细胞样本作为phospho-p44/42 MAPK (Thr202/Tyr204)免疫染色的对照。U0126被认为是MEK1、MEK2的高选择性抑制剂。TPA能够诱导p44/42 MAPK的磷酸化。Western blot分析相同的细胞提取物，以验证U0126、TPA处理的效力。丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(MAPKs)是一个具有广泛保守性的丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶家族，在许多细胞过程中起作用，比如细胞增殖、分化、运动和死亡。p44/42 MAPK (Erk1/2)信号转导通路能在应答各种胞外刺激后被激活，这些刺激因子包括有丝分裂原、生长因子和细胞因子(1-3)，并且被研究者认为是诊断和治疗癌症的重要靶点(4)。受到刺激后，三个不同层次的蛋白激酶级联反应就连续被开启，这三个层次的分子包含MAPKKK（MAP3K）、MAPKK（MAP2K）、MAPK。多种p44/42 MAP3Ks已经被鉴定出来，包括Raf家族成员，以及Mos、Tpl2/Cot。MEK1、MEK2是该通路中主要的MAPKKs(5,6)。MEK1、MEK2通过分别磷酸化p44和p42蛋白的活化环内的Thr202/Tyr204位点和Thr185位点/Tyr187位点，从而激活p44、p42。目前已经鉴定出p44/42的一些下游靶点，包括p90RSK (7) 和下游转录因子Elk-1 (8,9)。双特异性(Thr/Tyr) MAPK磷酸酶家族成员DUSPs、MKPs (10)，以及MEK抑制子如U0126、 PD98059，可以负调节p44/42。

原厂资料：

Description

Each control slide contains formalin fixed, paraffin-embedded NIH/3T3 cells, treated with either U0126 (1,4-diamino-2,3-dicyano-1,4-bis[2-aminophenylthio]butadiene) #9903 or TPA (12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-Acetate) #4174 , that serve as a control for phospho-p44/42 MAPK (Thr202/Tyr204) immunostaining. U0126 has been shown to be a highly selective inhibitor of MEK1 and MEK2. TPA induces phosphorylation of p44/42 MAPK. Western blot analysis was performed on extracts derived from the same cells to verify the efficacy of the U0126 and TPA treatments.

Applications

These slides are intended for use in immunohistochemical assays. Please see the Companion Products for a list of prodcucts that can be used with these slides.

Background

Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are a widely conserved family of serine/threonine protein kinases involved in many cellular programs such as cell proliferation, differentiation, motility, and death. The p44/42 MAPK (Erk1/2) signaling pathway can be activated in response to a diverse range of extracellular stimuli including mitogens, growth factors, and cytokines (1-3) and is an important target in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer (4). Upon stimulation, a sequential three-part protein kinase cascade is initiated, consisting of a MAP kinase kinase kinase (MAPKKK or MAP3K), a MAP kinase kinase (MAPKK or MAP2K), and a MAP kinase (MAPK). Multiple p44/42 MAP3Ks have been identified, including members of the Raf family as well as Mos and Tpl2/Cot. MEK1 and MEK2 are the primary MAPKKs in this pathway (5,6). MEK1 and MEK2 activate p44 and p42 through phosphorylation of activation loop residues Thr202/Tyr204 and Thr185/Tyr187, respectively. Several downstream targets of p44/42 have been identified, including p90RSK (7) and the transcription factor Elk-1 (8,9). p44/42 are negatively regulated by a family of dual-specificity (Thr/Tyr) MAPK phosphatases, known as DUSPs or MKPs (10), along with MEK inhibitors such as U0126 and PD98059.

注意事项：

Storage: Store at 4oC.