PKM1/2 (C5E6) Rabbit mAb

• 产品编号：CST-3106S      品牌：CST       原厂货号：3106S
• 产品分类：抗体 > 一抗 > 蛋白特异性一抗
• 应用分类：

描述：

PKM1/2 (C5E6)兔单克隆抗体识别内源性的PKM1和PKM2总蛋白水平。该单克隆抗体用与人类PKM1蛋白氨基酸序列对应的人工合成肽段免疫动物制成。丙酮酸激酶是一种糖酵解酶，催化丙酮酸转变为磷酸丙酮酸。在哺乳动物中，M1亚型（PKM1）在大多数成年组织中表达（1）。M2亚型（PKM2）是M1亚型的一种可变剪切结果，在胚胎发育时表达（1）。研究发现癌细胞只表达PKM2（1-3）。PKM2对肿瘤的无氧糖酵解（Warburg效应）很关键（1）。当M2亚型转变为M1亚型时，癌细胞无氧酵解下降，氧化磷酸化增加（1）。在鼠异源移植时，这些细胞也显示出降低的成瘤可能（1）。最近的研究表明FGFR1的致癌形式直接磷酸化PKM2的Tyr105，从而抑制PKM2活性四聚体的形成（4）。一种PKM2突变在癌细胞中发现，Tyr105被苯丙氨酸代替，导致在低氧环境下细胞增生的降低和裸鼠上异源移植的肿瘤生长变缓（4）。这些发现表明Tyr105的磷酸化对癌细胞生长所需的代谢转变十分关键（4）。

1. Christofk, H.R. et al. (2008) Nature 452, 230-3.
2. Mazurek, S. et al. (2005) Semin Cancer Biol 15, 300-8.
3. Dombrauckas, J.D. et al. (2005) Biochemistry 44, 9417-29.
4. Israelsen, W.J. et al. (2013) Cell 155, 397-409.

原厂资料：

Specificity / Sensitivity

PKM1/2 (C5E6) Rabbit mAb detects endogenous levels of total PKM1 and PKM2 proteins.

Source / Purification

Monoclonal antibody is produced by immunizing animals with a synthetic peptide corresponding to the sequence of human PKM1.

Background

Pyruvate kinase, a glycolytic enzyme, catalyses the conversion of phosphoenolpyruvate to pyruvate. In mammals, the M1 isoform (PKM1) is expressed in most adult tissues (1). The M2 isoform (PKM2), an alternatively-spliced variant of M1, is expressed during embryonic development (1). Studies found that cancer cells exclusively express PKM2 (1-3). PKM2 is shown to be essential for aerobic glycolysis in tumors (Warburg effect) (1). When the M2 isoform is switched to the M1 isoform, aerobic glycolysis is reduced and oxidative phosphorylation is increased in cancer cells (1). These cells also show decreased tumorigenicity in mouse xenografts (1). Recent studies show that the oncogenic forms of FGFR1 directly phosphorylate Tyr105 of PKM2 and thereby inhibit the formation of active tetrameric PKM2 (4). A PKM2 mutant found in cancer cells, in which Tyr105 is replaced by phenylalanine, leads to reduced cell proliferation in hypoxia and tumor growth in xenografts in nude mice (4). These findings suggest that the phosphorylation at Tyr105 is a critical switch for the metabolism in cancer cells that promotes tumor growth (4).

1. Christofk, H.R. et al. (2008) Nature 452, 230-3.
2. Mazurek, S. et al. (2005) Semin Cancer Biol 15, 300-8.
3. Dombrauckas, J.D. et al. (2005) Biochemistry 44, 9417-29.
4. Israelsen, W.J. et al. (2013) Cell 155, 397-409.

注意事项：

Storage: Supplied in 10 mM sodium HEPES (pH 7.5), 150 mM NaCl, 100 µg/ml BSA, 50% glycerol and less than 0.02% sodium azide. Store at –20°C. Do not aliquot the antibody.