Phospho-Rac1/cdc42 (Ser71) Antibody

• 产品编号：CST-2461S      品牌：CST       原厂货号：2461S
• 产品分类：抗体 > 一抗 > 磷酸化抗体
• 应用分类：

描述：

Phospho-Rac1/cdc42 (Ser71) Antibody检测仅在serine 71位点磷酸化的内源性Rac1/cdc42蛋白。该抗体也可能识别phospho-RhoA (Ser73)蛋白。通过人工合成人源Rac1/cdc42蛋白Ser71位点相应的磷酸化片段去免疫动物从而制备出多克隆抗体。通过蛋白A和多肽亲和层析纯化抗体。

Rac和Cdc42蛋白是Rho-GTPase家族成员。在哺乳动物类，Rac蛋白存在有三个亚型Rac1、Rac2和Rac3，它们在序列上高度类似。Rac1和Cdc42蛋白是在这个家族中最广泛研究的，它们无处不在的表达。Rac2蛋白在造血起源的细胞中被表达，在大脑中高表达的Rac3蛋白也被发现在许多其它组织。Rac和Cdc42蛋白在细胞骨架的重组、膜运输、转录调控、细胞生长和发育中起到关键的信号角色(1)。GTP的结合刺激Rac/Cdc42蛋白的活性，然而通过蛋白质内部GTPase活性促使GTP水解成GDP，致使它的失活。GTPase激活蛋白(GAPs)辅助GTP的水解，而鸟嘌呤核苷交换因子（guanine nucleotide exchange factors ，GEFs）有助于GDP的转换成GTP 。通过鸟苷酸解离抑制因子(RhoGDI)的结合使得达到另一个调节的水平，这保留了Rho家族GTPases包括Rac和Cdc42，在它们失活的GDP结合水平(2,3)。在Rac1/cdc42蛋白Ser71位点是一个假定Akt磷酸化位点，其通过体外激酶分析被鉴定和证明(4)。在这个位点的磷酸化可能抑制GTP结合到Rac1蛋白上，从而减少Rac1的下游信号转导通路(4)。

1. Wennerberg, K. and Der, C.J. (2004) J Cell Sci 117, 1301-12.
2. Bernards, A. and Settleman, J. (2004) Trends Cell Biol 14, 377-85.
3. Rossman, K.L. et al. (2005) Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 6, 167-80.
4. Kwon, T. et al. (2000) J. Biol. Chem. 275, 423-428.

原厂资料：

Background

Rac and Cdc42 are members of the Rho-GTPase family. In mammals, Rac exists as three isoforms, Rac1, Rac2 and Rac3, which are highly similar in sequence. Rac1 and Cdc42, the most widely studied of this group, are ubiquitously expressed. Rac2 is expressed in cells of hematopoietic origin, and Rac3, while highly expressed in brain, is also found in many other tissues. Rac and Cdc42 play key signaling roles in cytoskeletal reorganization, membrane trafficking, transcriptional regulation, cell growth and development (1). GTP binding stimulates the activity of Rac/Cdc42, and the hydrolysis of GTP to GDP through the protein's intrinsic GTPase activity, rendering it inactive. GTP hydrolysis is aided by GTPase activating proteins (GAPs), while exchange of GDP for GTP is facilitated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs). Another level of regulation is achieved through the binding of RhoGDI, a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor, which retains Rho family GTPases, including Rac and Cdc42, in their inactive GDP-bound state (2,3).A putative Akt phosphorylation site at Ser71 of Rac1/cdc42 has been identified and confirmed by in vitro kinase assay (4). Phosphorylation at this site may inhibit GTP binding of Rac1, attenuating the signal transduction pathway downstream of Rac1 (4).

1. Wennerberg, K. and Der, C.J. (2004) J Cell Sci 117, 1301-12.
2. Bernards, A. and Settleman, J. (2004) Trends Cell Biol 14, 377-85.
3. Rossman, K.L. et al. (2005) Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 6, 167-80.
4. Kwon, T. et al. (2000) J. Biol. Chem. 275, 423-428.

注意事项：

Storage: Supplied in 10 mM sodium HEPES (pH 7.5), 150 mM
NaCl, 100 µg/ml BSA and 50% glycerol. Store at –20°C.
Do not aliquot the antibody.