Description: In the human genome, the IFN-omega gene family consists of seven members located on chromosome 9. However, only one of these genes is functional giving rise to the IFN-omega protein, whereas the others are non-functional pseudogenes. The IFN-omega gene is not expressed in unstimulated cells. Viral infection results in expression of the gene giving rise to the N-glycosylated protein consisting of 172 or 174 amino acids and an apparent molecular mass of about 25kDa. A single carbohydrate group consists mainly of biantennary complex oligosaccharides with variable amounts of N-acetyl neuraminic acid. In quantitative terms, IFN-omega is a major component of human leukocyte IFN; with a contribution to its total antiviral activity estimated to be in the range of 10 -15 %.
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