JNK/SAPK (pT183/pY185) Pure 41 150ug

The Ras signaling pathway links the signals from growth factor receptors with the activation of the MAPK kinase cascade of phosphorylation

leading to cell growth and differentiation. External stimuli, like endotoxins, UV irradiation, heat, and hyperosmolarity, induce an array of

cellular responses that culminate with gene expression, ultimately dictating an adaptation to the new environment. Small GTPases of the Rho

family, including cdc42, Rac1, and Rho, transmit the stress signals that initiate the signal cascade. JNK is a c-Jun kinase that was also

identified as SAPK1 and MAPKp49. JNK/SAPK, along with p38 and RK5/BMK1, comprise three classes of stress-activated MAPK groups.

Complete activation of JNK/SAPK requires the phosphorylation of both Thr183 and Tyr185, which are located in a Thr-X-Tyr motif. The

activation of these residues is believed to be carried out by MKK4 and MKK7. Active JNK/SAPK phosphorylates other kinases and multiple

transcription factors that induce expression of genes, such as proinflammatory cytokines.

1.Since applications vary, each investigator should titrate the reagent to obtain optimal results.

2.Caution: Sodium azide yields highly toxic hydrazoic acid under acidic conditions. Dilute azide compounds in running water before discarding to avoid accumulation of potentially explosive deposits in plumbing.