Description: IL-11 belongs to the IL-6 family of cytokines and is produced by various cell types, including epithelial cells, endothelial cells, keratinocytes, stromal cells, and neurons. It signals through a heterodimeric receptor consisting of a gp130 subunit shared by several other cytokines and an IL-11Rα subunit unique to IL-11. IL-11 exhibits pleiotropic effects on various cell types. It acts synergistically with other growth factors such as IL-3, SCF, and IL-4 to promote the development of cells from several hematopoetic lineages and also plays a role in the regulation of osteoclast differentiation and maturation. IL-11 can protect against cell death and inhibit inflammation at sites of tissue injury, but has also been implicated in Th2-mediated sensitization and inflammation in asthma.
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