Description: The EM92 monoclonal antibody reacts with mouse and human Oct3/4, encoded by the Pou5F1 gene. Oct3/4 is a POU domain-containing transcription factor that is critical for maintaining embryonic stem (ES) and induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells in a pluripotent state, and is expressed by ES, embryonic germ cells and embryonic carcinoma cell lines. In cells of the inner cell mass (ICM), reduction of Oct3/4 expression causes dedifferentiation to trophoectoderm, whereas increased expression results in differentiation to mesoderm and primitive endoderm. Oct3/4 regulates the expression of several genes, including FGF-4, UTF1, Sox2, Fbx15, Rex1 and osteopontin through distinct mechanisms. Furthermore, Oct3/4 frequently acts synergistically with Sox2 to regulate target gene expression, as is the case with FGF-4. It has been demonstrated that Oct3/4 expression in ES cells can be negatively regulated by either treatment with retinoic acid, or by removal of leukemia-inhibitory factor (LIF).
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